Which of the following was NOT an effect of the rapid deployment of corn-based ethanol production in the United States?

The choice regarding biofuel use in personal and commercial vehicles increasing to nearly the levels of gasoline use is correct because it reflects the actual impact of corn-based ethanol production. While the production of corn-based ethanol did impact the transportation sector by increasing the availability of biofuels, it did not come close to achieving levels that rivaled gasoline use. Ethanol is blended with gasoline, but it has not replaced it significantly in terms of overall fuel consumption in vehicles.

In contrast, the other options reflect tangible consequences of the rapid deployment of corn-based ethanol production. Political instability in the Philippines arose due to rising food commodity prices linked to corn demand for ethanol, which impacted global food supplies. Additionally, land use changes have been significant as farmers pivoted to grow more corn to meet the increasing demand for ethanol, often leading to deforestation or changes in crop rotations. Furthermore, the increase in food prices as a result of corn's diversion from food to fuel has affected both domestic and international markets, contributing to higher prices for various food products.

These contextual elements demonstrate the broader implications of corn-based ethanol production, distinguishing them from the relatively stable relationship between biofuel and gasoline consumption.