What category does the implantation of technology into humans fall under?

The implantation of technology into humans primarily falls under the category of human enhancement. This refers to the use of technology to improve or augment the human body's capabilities, whether through physical, cognitive, or sensory enhancements. The integration of technology into the human body, such as prosthetics, implants, or even neural interfaces, aims to enhance the natural abilities of individuals, thus directly aligning with the concept of human enhancement.

The other categories mentioned, while related to the broader discussion of technology and society, do not encompass the specific focus on enhancing human capabilities through technological means. For instance, medical ethics pertains more to the moral implications and responsibilities associated with medical practices, while technological engineering focuses on the design and creation of technology itself. Political debate might involve discussions around regulations or policy implications of human enhancement but would not specifically categorize the act of implanting technology in humans. Therefore, human enhancement is the most fitting and precise description of this phenomenon.